Physics 2 — Electricity & Magnetism

What electric charge is, and how it moves through metals but not insulators.

A number for the push or pull between two charges.

Give a charge a "reach" into the space around it.

Adding up the field of charge spread over rods, rings and sheets.

Drop a charge between two plates and watch it accelerate.

How much field flows through a surface — and the law that counts it.

Match a surface to the symmetry and the field falls right out.

Once the charges stop, Gauss's law pins down the field inside and out.

Track one number per point — voltage — instead of force and direction.

Real voltage around a charge, and getting the field back from it.

A whole metal sits at one voltage — its surface is an equipotential.

Two conductors storing equal and opposite charge — and how much.

Combine capacitors into one: parallel add, series combine inversely.

The energy a camera flash or defibrillator dumps in an instant.

Slide an insulator into the gap and the capacitance jumps.

Charge starts to flow — and current is just how much passes per second.

Voltage pushes, resistance holds back — Ohm's law ties them together.

Energy delivered every second — heat in a heater, light in a bulb.

A real battery's own resistance lowers the voltage you actually get.

Reduce a tangle of resistors down to a single equivalent.

Two simple rules for circuits too tangled for series/parallel.

Resistor + capacitor: charge that builds or drains over time.